Bore × stroke

Cylinder head

Induction

All cylinder motion, valve opening, spark and diagrams share one 720° crank cycle. The camshafts turn at half crank speed. Valve events use a simple four-stroke illustration with no overlap; the display does not reproduce variable valve timing, Valvetronic operation, actual ignition timing or measured pressures. Rod proportions, clearances, chain routing, part shapes and the exploded positions are illustrative. Turbocharging and fuel-system hardware are described rather than modelled. Exact installed engine codes have not been checked against the vehicles.

The reference video shows a V8. This recreation uses the corresponding VR6 or inline-four architecture for each of my cars.